Input parameters¶
Below we specify the input parameters in the namoptions file of your experiment.
Namelist RUN¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iexpnr | 000 | Three digit integer. | Experiment case number | - |
| lwarmstart | .false. | .true. or .false. | If .true. simulation reads in restart file to initialize fields. | - |
| startfile | '' | 'initd00001234_xxx_xxx.000' | Name of restart file, the last three digits should match iexpnr. | - |
| runtime | 300 | > 0 | Simulation time. | [s] |
| dtmax | 20 | > 0 | Maximum allowed numerical integration timestep. | [s] |
| trestart | 10000. | 0 < trestart < runtime | Time at which restart files are written, trestart > runtime will prevent restart files being written. | [s] |
| ladaptive | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for adaptive time-stepping, .true. recommended. | - |
| irandom | 0 | INTEGER > 0 |
Seed for random number generation. | - |
| randu | 0.0 | REAL > 0 |
Amplitude of velocity field randomisation. | [m/s] |
| randthl | 0.0 | REAL > 0 |
Amplitude of temperature field randomisation. | [K] |
| randq | 0.0 | REAL > 0 |
Amplitude of moisture field randomisation. | [kg/kg] |
| courant | 1.1 | 1 <= courant <=2 | Courant number, default sets it to 1.5 or 1.1 (if Kappa or upwind scheme is used). | - |
| libm | .true. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether the Immersed Boundary Method is turned on. | - |
| lles | .true. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether the subgrid model is turned on or constant ekm and ekh are used (DNS). | - |
| lrandomize | .true. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether initial field is randomised. | - |
| nprocx | - | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of pencils in the x-direction (see 2decomp documentation [https://2decomp-fft.github.io/]), must be a divisor of itot. | - |
| nprocy | - | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of pencils in the y-direction (see 2decomp documentation [https://2decomp-fft.github.io/]), must be a divisor of jtot and ktot. | - |
Namelist DOMAIN¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| itot | 96 | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of points in x-direction. | - |
| jtot | 96 | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of points in y-direction. | - |
| ktot | 96 | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of points in z-direction. | - |
| xlen | -1 | REAL > 0 |
Domain size in x-direction. | - |
| ylen | -1 | REAL > 0 |
Domain size in x-direction. | - |
Namelist PHYSICS¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ps | -1 | REAL > 0 |
Air pressure at surface, recommend using standard pressure. | [Pa] |
| igrw_damp | 0 | 0, 1. | Switch to enable gravity wave damping. | - |
| ltempeq | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for solving temperature equation. | - |
| lbuoyancy | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for buoyancy force in temperature equation. | - |
| lmoist | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for solving moisture equation. | - |
| lcoriol | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for inluding the Coriolis force. | - |
| luoutflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether u-velocity is corrected to get a fixed outflow rate. Only functional when x-direction is not parellelised. | |
| lvoutflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether u-velocity is corrected to get a fixed outflow rate. Only functional when y-direction is not parellelised. | |
| luvolflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether u-velocity is corrected to get a fixed volume flow rate. | - |
| lvvolflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether u-velocity is corrected to get a fixed volume flow rate. | - |
| luflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether u-velocity is corrected to get a fixed flow velocity. | - |
| lvflowr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch that determines whether v-velocity is corrected to get a fixed flow velocity. | - |
| uflowrate | 1. | REAL |
U-velocity flow rate for out- or volume-flow forcing. | [m/s] |
| vflowrate | 1. | REAL |
V-velocity flow rate out- or volume-flow forcing. | [m/s] |
| lprofforc | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for nudging flow to a profile (forcing). | - |
| lnudge | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for nudging flow to profiles (in prof.inp.xxx). |
- |
| nnudge | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of points from bottom to nudge. | - |
| tnudge | 60. | REAL |
Time scale for nudging | - |
| ltimedepsurf | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for time-dependent surface heat flux (bctfz etc - see BC section). |
- |
| ntimedepsurf | 0 | REAL |
Number of time-dependent surface heat fluxes in file timedepsurf.inp.xxx. |
- |
| ltimedepnudge | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for time-dependent profiles. When lnudge = .true., then this switch causes the nudging profile to vary in time. If using inflow-outflow boundary conditions with inflow given by profile (BCxm/BCxT/BCxq = 2), then the inflow profile varies in time. |
- |
| ntimedepnudge | 0 | REAL |
Number of time-dependent nudging profiles in file timedepnudge.inp.xxx. |
- |
| ltimedepsw | .false. | .true. or .false. | Time-dependent shortwave radiation on facets | - |
| ntimedepsw | 0 | REAL |
Number of time-dependent shortwave radiative fluxes in file timedepsw.inp.xxx. |
- |
| ltimedeplw | .false. | .true. or .false. | Time-dependent longwave radiation on facets. | - |
| ntimedeplw | 0 | REAL |
Number of time-dependent shortwave radiative fluxes in file timedeplw.inp.xxx. |
- |
Namelist DYNAMICS¶
Possible advection schemes:
1 = 1st order upwind scheme
2 = 2nd order central difference scheme
7 = Kappa (flux limited) scheme. This scheme can only be applied to passive scalars.
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lqlnr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Logical for calculation of liquid water concentration. | - |
| ipoiss | 0 | 0 | Poisson solver. 0 = Fast Fourier Transform. | - |
| iadv_mom | 2 | 2 | Advection scheme for momentum. | - |
| iadv_tke | 2 | 2 | Advection scheme for TKE. Only used if loneeqn = True. |
- |
| iadv_thl | 2 | 2 | Advection scheme for temperature. | - |
| iadv_qt | 2 | 2 | Advection scheme for moisture. | - |
| iadv_sv | 7 | 1, 2, 7 | Advection scheme for scalars. | - |
Namelist BC¶
Switches for boundary conditions: momentum (m), temperature (T), humidity (q) and scalars (s).
Lateral BCs (BCx, BCy): 1 = periodic, 2 in/outflow conditions, inflow given by profile (usually constant), 3: in/outflow conditions, inflow given by precursor simulation.
BCs at the top (BCtop): 1 = freeslip, 2 = noslip, 3 = should be used with inflow/outflow conditions.
BCs at the bottom (BCbot; only effective if not covered with ground facets): 1 = flux, 2 = wall function, 3 = neutral wall function.
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCxm | 1 | 1,2,3 | Domain boundary condition for momentum in x. | - |
| BCxT | 1 | 1,2,3 | Domain boundary condition for temperature in x. | - |
| BCxq | 1 | 1,2,3 | Domain boundary condition for humidity in x. | - |
| BCxs | 1 | 1,2,3 | Domain boundary condition for scalars in x. | - |
| BCym | 1 | 1,2 | Domain boundary condition for momentum in y. | - |
| BCyT | 1 | 1,2 | Domain boundary condition for temperature in y. | - |
| BCyq | 1 | 1,2 | Domain boundary condition for humidity in y. | - |
| BCys | 1 | 1,2 | Domain boundary condition for scalars in y. | - |
| BCtopm | 1 | 1,2,3 | Boundary condition for momentum at domain top. | - |
| BCtopT | 1 | 1,2 | Boundary condition for temperature at domain top. | - |
| BCtopq | 1 | 1,2 | Boundary condition for humidity at domain top. | - |
| BCtops | 1 | 1,2 | Boundary condition for scalars at domain top. | - |
| bctfxm | 0 | REAL |
Temperature flux on facets with surface normal in -x direction. | [Km/s] |
| bctfxp | 0 | REAL |
Temperature flux on facets with surface normal in +x direction. | [Km/s] |
| bctfym | 0 | REAL |
Temperature flux on facets with surface normal in -y direction. | [Km/s] |
| bctfyp | 0 | REAL |
Temperature flux on facets with surface normal in +y direction. | [Km/s] |
| bctfz | 0 | REAL |
Temperature flux on facets with surface normal in +z direction. | [Km/s] |
| bcqfxm | 0 | REAL |
Moisture flux on facets with surface normal in -x direction. | [m/s] |
| bcqfxp | 0 | REAL |
Moisture flux on facets with surface normal in +x direction. | [m/s] |
| bcqfym | 0 | REAL |
Moisture flux on facets with surface normal in -y direction. | [m/s] |
| bcqfyp | 0 | REAL |
Moisture flux on facets with surface normal in +y direction. | [m/s] |
| bcqfz | 0 | REAL |
Moisture flux on facets with surface normal in +z direction. | [m/s] |
| thl_top | -1. | REAL >= 0 |
Temperature at the top boundary. | [K] |
| qt_top | -1. | REAL >= 0 |
Humidity at the top boundary. | [kg/kg] |
| wttop | 0. | REAL |
Temperature flux at the top boundary. | [Km/s] |
| BCbotm | 2 | 1,2,3 | Boundary condition for momentum at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
- |
| BCbotT | 1 | 1,2 | Boundary condition for temperature at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
- |
| BCbotq | 1 | 1 | Boundary condition for humidity at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
- |
| BCbots | 1 | 1 | Boundary condition for scalars at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
- |
| wtsurf | -1. | REAL |
Temperature flux at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
[Km/s] |
| wqsurf | -1. | REAL |
Moisture flux at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
[m/s] |
| thls | -1. | REAL |
Temperature at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
[K] |
| qts | -1. | REAL |
Moisture at domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). Used in modthermodynamics to get a BC for the moisture profile. |
[kg/kg] |
| z0 | -1. | REAL |
Momentum roughness length of the domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
[m] |
| z0h | -1. | REAL |
Heat roughness length of the domain bottom (if lbottom = .true.). |
[m] |
Namelist NAMSUBGRID¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lvreman | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for Vreman (2004) sub-grid scheme. | - |
| cf | 2.5 | REAL > 0 | Filter constant. | - |
| cn | 0.76 | REAL > 0 | Subfilter scale parameter. | - |
| Rigc | 0.25 | REAL > 0 | Critical Richardson number. | - |
Namelist WALLS¶
1 = fixed flux
2 = flux determined by wall function involving temperature
3 = flux determined by neutral wall function (set automatically if ltempeq = .false.)
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nblocks | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of blocks specified in blocks.inp. |
- |
| nfcts | -1 | INTEGER |
Number of facets specified in facets.inp. |
- |
| iwallmom | 2 | 1, 2, 3 (1 means zero flux) | Building wall momentum flux. | - |
| iwalltemp | 1 | 1, 2 | Building wall temperature flux. | - |
| iwallmoist | 1 | 1, 2 | Building wall moisture flux. | - |
| iwallscal | 1 | 1, 2 | Building wall scalar flux | - |
| lbottom | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for using wall function as bottom BC. Used only if no ground facets. | - |
| nsolpts_u | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of solid points on u-grid. | - |
| nsolpts_v | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of solid points on v-grid. | - |
| nsolpts_w | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of solid points on w-grid. | - |
| nsolpts_c | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of solid points on c-grid. | - |
| nbndpts_u | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of fluid boundary points on u-grid. | - |
| nbndpts_v | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of fluid boundary points on v-grid. | - |
| nbndpts_w | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of fluid boundary points on w-grid. | - |
| nbndpts_c | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of fluid boundary points on c-grid. | - |
| nfctsecs_u | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of facet sections on u-grid. | - |
| nfctsecs_v | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of facet sections on v-grid. | - |
| nfctsecs_w | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of facet sections on w-grid. | - |
| nfctsecs_c | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of facet sections on c-grid. | - |
| lnorec | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for not using reconstruction. | - |
Namelist ENERGYBALANCE¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lEB | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for using the facet energy balance. | - |
| lwriteEBfiles | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for writing facet temperatures and energy budget to file. | - |
| lconstW | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch whether soil moisture is assumed as constant in time (.true.) or the evaporated water is from the soil (.false.). | - |
| dtEB | 10. | REAL |
Time interval between calculations of facet energy balance. | s |
| bldT | 0. | REAL |
Internal temperature of the buildings. | [K] |
| flrT | 0. | REAL |
Internal temperature of the ground. | [K] |
| wsoil | 0. | REAL |
Water content of soil. | [kg/m3] |
| wgrmax | 450. | REAL |
Maximum water content. | [kg/m3] |
| wwilt | 171. | REAL |
Water content at wilting point. | [kg/m3] |
| wfc | 313. | REAL |
Water content at field capacity. | [kg/m3] |
| skyLW | 0. | REAL |
Long-wave radiation from the sky. | [W/m2] |
| GRLAI | 2. | REAL |
Leaf area index of a green roof. | [m2/m2] |
| rsmin | 110. | REAL |
Minimum resistance of soil/plant. | [s/m] |
| nfaclyrs | 3 | INTEGER |
Number of layers making up each facet (nwalllayers in uDALES v1). | - |
| lvfsparse | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for view factors in sparse (text) format. | - |
| nnz | 0 | INTEGER |
Number of non-zero view factors (only used with sparse view factor format. | - |
| lperiodicEBcorr | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for preventing over-heating and moisture saturation in periodic simualtions. | - |
| sinkbase | 0 | INTEGER > 0 |
k index above which the periodicEBcorr sink is applied (should be above height of tallest building). | - |
| fraction | 0 | REAL > 0 |
Ratio of domain height to uncapped boundary layer height. | - |
Namelist SCALARS¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nsv | 0 | INTEGER > 0 |
Number of passive scalars. | - |
| lreadscal | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for reading scalar pollutant field (warm start). Deprecated, will be removed in the future. | - |
| lscasrcr | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for 2-D network of point sources at lowest level as defined in scals.inp.xxx. | - |
| lscasrcl | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for passive scalar line source when using canyon geometry. | - |
| lscasrc | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for passive scalar point source defined by xS,yS,zS,SS,sigS. | - |
Namelist DRIVER¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| idriver | 0 | 0, 1, 2 | Options for running precursor driver simulations where *driver* files will be written (= 1) and reading a completed driver simulation as the inlet to a simulation (= 2). Default (= 0) will do neither. |
- |
| tdriverstart | 0. | REAL |
Time at which *driver* files start being written. In use for idriver = 1. |
s |
| dtdriver | 0. | REAL |
Timestep at which *driver* file planes are written. In use for idriver = 1. |
s |
| iplane | - | INTEGER |
Index of the position on the x-axis of the plane that will be written to *driver* files. In use for idriver = 1. |
|
| driverstore | 0. | INTEGER |
Number of timesteps (idriver = 1) to be written to *driver* files or (idriver = 2) contained in *driver* files to be read. |
- |
| driverjobnr | - | - | Job number of the *driver* files to be read. These files should be copied into the experiments folder of the driven simulation. In use for idriver = 2. |
- |
| lsdriver | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for reading scalar driver files. In use for idriver = 2. |
- |
Namelist OUTPUT¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lfielddump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch for instantaneous field output. | - |
| tfielddump | 10000. | Output time for fields. | [s] | |
| fieldvars | '' | Any of the given labels, several are seperated by a comma: u0,v0,w0,th,ql,qt,p0,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5 | Variable names of fields. | - |
| tsample | 5. | Sample time for statistics. | [s] | |
| tstatsdump | 10000. | Output time for statistics. | [s] | |
| ltdump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output time-averaged statistics. | - |
| lydump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output y-averaged statistics. Only functional if x-direction is not parallelised. | - |
| lytdump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output y- and time- averaged statistics. Only functional if x-direction is not parallelised. | - |
| lxydump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output x- and y- averaged statistics. | - |
| lxytdump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output x-, y- and time-averaged statistics. | - |
| lslicedump | .false. | .true. or .false. | Switch to output slices in the xy-plane. | - |
Namelist INPS¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zsize | - | - | Size of domain in z direction. | [m] |
| lzstretch | false | true or false | Switch for stretched z grid. | - |
| lstretchexp | false | true or false | Switch for z grid stretched using exp function. | - |
| lstretchtanh | false | true or false | Switch for z grid stretched using tanh function. | - |
| lstretch2tanh | false | true or false | Switch for z grid stretched using 2tanh function. | - |
| stretchconst | 0.01 | - | Stretch constant. | - |
| u0 | 0 | - | Initial u-velocity. Also applied as geostrophic term where applicable. | [m/s] |
| v0 | 0 | - | Initial v-velocity. Also applied as geostrophic term where applicable. | [m/s] |
| dpdx | 0 | - | Pressure gradient in x direction. | [Pa/m] |
| dpdy | 0 | - | Pressure gradient in y direction. | [Pa/m] |
| thl0 | 288 | - | Temperature at z = 0. | - |
| qt0 | 0 | - | Specific humidity at z = 0. | - |
| lapse | 0 | - | Lapse rate. | [K/m] |
| w_s | 0 | - | Subsidence. | - |
| R | 0 | - | Radiative forcing. | [W/m^2] |
| xS | 0 | REAL |
Position of scalar point source in x. | [m] |
| yS | 0 | REAL |
Position of scalar point source in y. | [m] |
| zS | 0 | REAL |
Position of scalar point source in z. | [m] |
| SSp | 0. | REAL |
Strength of scalar point source. | [g/s] |
| sigSp | 0. | REAL |
Standard deviation of scalar point source. | [m] |
| xSb | 0 | REAL |
Start of scalar line source in x. | [m] |
| ySb | 0 | REAL |
Start of scalar line source in y. | [m] |
| zSb | 0 | REAL |
Start of scalar line source in z. | [m] |
| xSe | 0 | REAL |
End of scalar line source in x. | [m] |
| ySe | 0 | REAL |
End of scalar line source in y. | [m] |
| zSe | 0 | REAL |
End of scalar line source in z. | [m] |
| SSl | 0. | REAL |
Strength of scalar line source. | [g/ms] |
| sigSl | 0. | REAL |
Standard deviation of scalar line source. | [m] |
| NOb | 0 | - | Initial concentration of NO. | - |
| NO2b | 0 | - | Initial concentration of NO2. | - |
| O3b | 0 | - | Initial concentration of O3. | - |
| stl_file | - | STRING |
Name of STL file defining the geometry. | - |
| read_types | false | true or false | Switch for reading facet types from file. Default: false (all facets are set to type 1). | - |
| types_path | - | STRING |
Name of types file. | - |
| facT | 288 | REAL > 0 |
If iwallmom = 2 or iwalltemp = 2 then this sets the facet temperature, or if lEB = .true. it is the initial facet temperature |
[K] |
| ifacsec | 1 | 1 or 2 | Option for facet section calculation. 1: Fortran (default, fast), 2: MATLAB (useful for debugging | - |
| ishortwave | 1 | 1 or 2 | Option for shortwave radiation calculation, 1 uses Fortran and is faster, 2 uses MATLAB and useful for debugging. | - |
| isolar | 1 | 1 , 2, 3 | Option for solar radiation, 1 uses custom values, 2 uses lattitude and lonigtude, 3 uses weather file. | - |
| view3d_out | 0 | 0 , 1 , 2 | Output format for View3D, 0 is text, 2 is binary, 2 is sparse. | - |
| maxD | Inf | REAL > 0 |
Maximum distance to check view factors, otherwise they are zero. | - |
| xazimuth | 90 | REAL |
The azimuthal angle of the x-axis (with respect to North). | [degrees] |
| solarazimuth | 135 | REAL |
Solar azimuth, used if isolar = 1. | [degrees] |
| solarzenith | 28.4066 | REAL |
Solar zenith, used if isolar = 1 . | [degrees] |
| I | 800 | REAL > 0 |
Shortwave direct normal irradiance (DNI), used if isolar = 1. | W/m^2 |
| Dsky | 418.8041 | REAL > 0 |
Diffuse sky irradiance, used if isolar = 1. | W/m^2 |
| year | - | INTEGER |
Year. | - |
| month | - | 1 <= INTEGER <= 12 |
Month (where 6 corresponds to June), if isoloar = 2 or 3. | - |
| day | - | 1 <= INTEGER <= 31 |
Day, if isloar = 2 or 3. | - |
| hour | 6 | 0 <= INTEGER <= 23 |
Hour (0 for midnight, 23 for 11pm), if isloar = 2 or 3. | [hours] |
| minute | 0 | 0 <= INTEGER <= 59 |
Minute, if isloar = 2 or 3. | [mins] |
| second | 0 | 0 <= INTEGER <= 59 |
Second, if isloar = 2 or 3. | [s] |
| longitude | -0.13 | REAL |
Longitude, if isloar = 2. | [degrees] |
| latitude | 51.5 | REAL |
Latitude, if isloar = 2. | [degrees] |
| timezone | 0 | - | Timezone, if isloar = 2. | - |
| elevation | 0 | REAL |
Elevation, if isloar = 2. | - |
| weatherfname | - | STRING |
File containing weather data, if isolar = 3. | - |
Namelist CHEMISTRY¶
| Name | Default | Possible values | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lchem | .false. | .true., .false. | Switch for basic chemistry. | - |
| k1 | 0. | Rate constant (O3 + NO -> NO2 + 02 ). Chemistry model parameter. | ||
| JNO2 | 0. | NO2 photolysis rate. Chemistry model parameter. |